Monosaccharides (from Greek monos: single, sacchar: sugar) are the most
basic units of biologically important carbohydrates.Monosaccharides (from Greek
monos: single, sacchar: sugar) are the most basic units of biologically
important carbohydrates.
Monosaccharides (from Greek monos:
single, sacchar: sugar) are the most basic units of biologically important
carbohydrates. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless,
water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste.
Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose),
galactose, xylose and ribose. Monosaccharides are the building blocks of
disaccharides such as sucrose and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and
starch).
Sucrose, a common disaccharide
Further, each carbon
atom that supports a hydroxyl group (except for the first and last) is chiral,
giving rise to a number of isomeric forms all with the same chemical formula.
For instance, galactose and glucose are both aldohexoses, but have different
chemical and physical properties.
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